What is the common name for H3PO4?

The common name for H3PO4 is phosphoric acid. This compound is an inorganic acid that is vital in various biological processes and industrial applications. Its chemical structure consists of three hydrogen atoms, one phosphorus atom, and four oxygen atoms, which is indicated by its chemical formula.

Phosphoric acid is widely used as an acidulant in food and beverages, as well as in fertilizers. It acts as a source of phosphorus, which is an essential nutrient for plants. The naming is derived from the central phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms, one of which is involved in a double bond, indicating the presence of acidic hydrogen atoms.

In contrast, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and acetic acid refer to different chemical compounds with distinct structures and properties. Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is composed of sulfur and can be highly corrosive, while hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid derived from hydrogen and chlorine. Acetic acid (CH3COOH), which is the main component of vinegar, has a completely different structure and function. Thus, when identifying H3PO4, phosphoric acid is the accurate common name.