Which compound has the formula CH3OH?

The compound with the formula CH3OH is methanol. Methanol, often referred to as wood alcohol, consists of a single carbon atom (C) bonded to three hydrogen atoms (H) and one hydroxyl group (OH). This structure is characteristic of alcohols, which generally have the functional group -OH attached to a carbon chain.

In this case, since methanol has one carbon atom and is the simplest alcohol, it is correctly identified by the given formula. Each of the other options refers to alcohols that have a longer carbon chain: propanol has three carbons, ethanol has two, and butanol has four. This distinction in the number of carbon atoms makes methanol unique in this selection as the only compound with just one carbon atom.